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WF 05: PROCEDURAL ASSETS

Создание бесконечных вариаций ассетов через Geometry Nodes: здания, растительность, реквизит, ландшафт

🔄 Воркфлоу ⭐⭐⭐ полная 11 блоков кода обновлено 2026-11-12
ru en es de zh .md

ID: WF-05 | Type: Procedural Generation (Geometry Nodes) | Difficulty: ⭐⭐⭐ | Time: 30-90 min per asset

🎯 ЦЕЛЬ

Создание бесконечных вариаций ассетов через Geometry Nodes: здания, растительность, реквизит, ландшафт

📋 ПАЙПЛАЙН СТАДИИ

┌─────────────┐    ┌─────────────┐    ┌─────────────┐    ┌─────────────┐    ┌─────────────┐
│  PARAMETERS │───▶│  GENERATE   │───▶│  VARIATE    │───▶│  LOD        │───▶│  EXPORT     │
│  (Seed,     │    │  (GN Tree)  │    │  (Seed,     │    │  (Distance  │    │  (Collection│
│  Style,     │    │  Geometry   │    │  Attr,      │    │  Culling,   │    │  Instancing)│
│  Constraints)│    │  Nodes)     │    │  Noise)     │    │  Decimate)  │    │             │
└─────────────┘    └─────────────┘    └─────────────┘    └─────────────┘    └─────────────┘

🌲 АССЕТ ТИПЫ И GN ТРЕЕ

1. PROCEDURAL BUILDING (Building Generator)

# GN Tree: Building_Generator
# Inputs:
# - Seed (Integer)
# - Width, Depth, Height (Float)
# - Floors (Integer)
# - Style: "modern" | "classical" | "industrial" | "sci-fi"
# - Window_Density (0-1)
# - Roof_Type: "flat" | "pitched" | "dome" | "green"

# Logic:
# 1. Base Box → Extrude by Floors
# 2. Facade Grid → Window Boolean/Array
# 3. Roof Generator by Type
# 4. Details: Balconies, HVAC, Antennas, Signage
# 5. Material Assignment by Vertex Group
# 6. LOD: Distance → Decimate (0.5 / 0.25 / 0.1)
# 7. Collection Instancing → Realize Instances

2. ROAD NETWORK

# GN Tree: Road_Network
# Inputs:
# - Curve Grid (Base)
# - Road_Width: Main=12m, Local=8m, Alley=4m
# - Sidewalk_Width: 2m
# - Curb_Height: 0.15m
# - Markings: Center, Crosswalk, Lanes
# - Streetlights: Spacing=20m, Variants=3

# Traffic Animation:
# Car Collection (10 variants) → Path Follow → Speed 30-60 km/h
# Traffic Lights: Procedural Red/Yellow/Green cycle

3. VEGETATION SCATTER

# GN Tree: Vegetation_Scatter
# Inputs:
# - Target Mesh (Terrain)
# - Collections: Trees_Large, Trees_Small, Bushes, Grass, Flowers
# - Density_Attribute (Weight Paint / Noise)
# - Scale_Range: (0.8, 1.2)
# - Rotation_Random: True
# - Align_To_Normal: True
# - Distance_Culling: Camera_Distance > 500m → Hide

# Biome System:
# - Forest: Trees_Large (Density 0.01) + Bushes (0.05) + Grass (0.5)
# - Park: Trees_Small (0.02) + Benches (0.01) + Flowers (0.3)
# - Urban: Streetlights (0.02) + Planters (0.01)

4. PROP VARIATIONS (Fence, Crates, Barrels)

# GN Tree: Prop_Variations
# Inputs:
# - Source Collection (Base Props)
# - Count (Integer)
# - Scale_Range: (0.8, 1.3)
# - Rotation_Random: True
# - Position_Jitter: 0.1m
# - Material_Variation: Random UV Offset / Color Ramp

# LOD System:
# Distance < 10m: Full Geo + 4k Textures
# 10-50m: Decimate 0.5 + 2k Textures
# 50-200m: Decimate 0.25 + 1k Textures
# >200m: Billboard Impostor (8 angles)

🔧 GN НОДЫ РЕФЕРЕНС

Core Nodes

Node Purpose Key Settings
Distribute Points on Faces Рассеяние по поверхности Poisson Disk, Density Attribute
Distribute Points in Volume Объемное рассеяние Density, Seed
Instance on Points Инстансинг коллекций Pick Instance, Scale, Rotation
Collection Info Доступ к коллекции Separate Children, Reset Children
Realize Instances Конвертация в геометрию Делает инстансы редактируемыми

Geometry Processing

Node Purpose
Mesh Boolean Union/Difference/Intersect
Mesh to Points Конвертация в поинты
Points to Curves Линии из точек
Curve to Mesh Толщина линий
Resample Curve Уравнивание точек
Trim Curve Обрезка по фактору

Attributes

Node Purpose
Store Named Attribute Сохранить кастомные данные
Named Attribute Чтение атрибутов
Random Value Случайные числа/вектора
Attribute Statistic Min/Max/Mean/Angle
Attribute Transfer Передача между геометриями

Math/Logic

Node Purpose
Math Базовая математика
Vector Math Векторные операции
Compare Сравнения (Greater/Less/Equal)
Boolean Math AND/OR/NOT
Switch Переключение по условию
Index Switch Множественный выбор

🎨 СТИЛИЗАЦИЯ (Style System)

Building Styles (GN Input)

STYLES = {
    "modern": {
        "materials": ["glass", "concrete", "metal_panel"],
        "window_ratio": 0.7,
        "roof_type": "flat",
        "details": ["hvac", "glass_railing", "sunshade"]
    },
    "classical": {
        "materials": ["brick", "stone", "wood_trim"],
        "window_ratio": 0.4,
        "roof_type": "pitched",
        "details": ["cornice", "balcony", "pilaster"]
    },
    "industrial": {
        "materials": ["corrugated_metal", "concrete", "rusted_metal"],
        "window_ratio": 0.2,
        "roof_type": "flat",
        "details": ["vents", "pipes", "loading_dock"]
    },
    "sci_fi": {
        "materials": ["metal_panel", "glass", "glowing_trim"],
        "window_ratio": 0.5,
        "roof_type": "dome",
        "details": ["antenna", "hologram", "force_field"]
    }
}

🎮 LOD SYSTEM (GN Implementation)

# Distance-based LOD в GN
# Attribute "Distance" = length(Camera_Location - Position)

# LOD Switch Node:
# Distance < 50m:    LOD0 (Full Geo, 4k textures)
# 50-200m:          LOD1 (Decimate 0.5, 2k textures)
# 200-500m:         LOD2 (Decimate 0.25, 1k textures)
# 500m+:            LOD3 (Billboard Impostor)

# Impostor Generation (Pre-bake):
# 1. Render 8 views (45° steps) → Sprite Sheet
# 2. Shader: Billboard + Alpha + View Angle → Sprite Index

📦 EXPORT PIPELINE

Collection Instancing (Performance)

# Правило: 1 Draw Call на тип ассета
# GN Tree Output → Collection Instancing
# Blender автоматически батчит инстансы

# Export для Game Engines:
# 1. GN → Realize Instances → Apply Modifiers
# 2. Separate by Material → Export Collections
# 3. FBX/GLTF per Collection
# 4. LODs как отдельные меши с суффиксами _LOD0, _LOD1

🔧 MCP КОМАНДЫ ДЛЯ PROCEDURAL

Building Generation

"Создай процедурный квартал 10x10 блоков:
- Grid 10x10, spacing 100м
- District Attribute: Random (0=Downtown, 1=Residential, 2=Industrial, 3=Park)
- Building Generator: Height by District, Style by District
- Road Network: Curves between blocks, Sidewalks 2m
- Props Scatter: Streetlights (20m), Trees (Parks), Benches
- LOD: Distance Culling + Decimate
- Output: Collection Instancing для рендера / FBX per Building для экспорта"

Vegetation Scatter

"Рассей биом 'Forest' на Terrain:
- Collection: Trees_Large (Density 0.01, Scale 0.8-1.2)
- Collection: Bushes (Density 0.05, Scale 0.5-1.0)
- Collection: Grass (Density 0.5, Scale 0.1-0.3)
- Weight Paint Density Attribute для путей/полян
- LOD: Distance > 200m → Billboard Impostors
- Wind Animation: Vertex Offset by Noise(Position + Time)"

Road Network

"Создай дорожную сеть из Curve Grid:
- Main Roads: 12m, 2 lanes + 2m sidewalks
- Local Roads: 8m, 1 lane + 1.5m sidewalks
- Markings: Center line, Crosswalks, Stop lines
- Traffic Lights: Procedural на перекрестках (Cycle 60s)
- Streetlights: Every 20m, 3 variants
- Cars: Path Follow curves, 10 variants, Speed 30-60 km/h"

📊 PERFORMANCE TIPS

Technique Impact When to Use
Collection Instancing -90% Draw Calls Всегда для повторяющихся объектов
Distance Culling -50% Tris Большие сцены
Decimate Modifier (GN) -75% Tris LOD1/LOD2
Billboard Impostors -99% Tris >500m Distance
Texture Atlasing -Draw Calls Много маленьких текстур
Instance Scale/Align in GN -CPU Вместо Object Constraints

🔗 СВЯЗИ

Связанные материалы

Подобраны по тегам и категории.

CASE 05: PROCEDURAL CITY

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WF 01: TEXT-TO-SCENE

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WF 02: IMAGE-TO-3D

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WF 03: TEXTURE PIPELINE

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WF 07: GAME ASSET PIPELINE

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WF 12: CROWD SIM GN

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